Pehea e lokomaikaʻi he mea aʻu i hana ai i loko o ArcGIS

Kūlana o ArcGIS o ESRI ʻO ia ka mea paahana Geographic Information Systems (GIS) kaulana loa, ma hope o kāna mau mana kahiko ʻo ArcView 3x i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka makahiki kanaiwa. Manifold, e like me kā mākou i kapa ai ma mua "ʻO kahi mea $ 245 GIS” he kahua hou ia, ma lalo o kahi kumu hoʻohālike ʻokoʻa, akā naʻe no ka mea hoʻohana he mea hana ia me nā scopes like.

I ka makahiki 1988 ua hana ka USGS i palapala i kapa ʻia "Ke kaʻina hana no ka kohoʻana i kahi Pūnaewele Pūnaewele Geographic“, ka mea i uhi i ke kumuhana pili i ke koho ana o na nenoaiu, ma waho o na mea hana lolouila, ma a checklist o nā mea e pono ai kahi GIS ... i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, ma 1988 ua hoʻohana nō mākou i nā mīkini 386 me nā puka makani 3.0 a nui nā mea e makemake nui ʻia ai 286.

Ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia nā mahele i:

Ua lilo ka palapala i mea heluhelu pono no ka poʻe i komo i ka honua geospatial, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia papa inoa no ke koho ʻana i nā mea hana kamepiula a me ka ʻaelike o nā hoʻomohala ... he aha kēlā mau manawa. ʻOiai ʻaneʻane 20 makahiki ka palapala, ʻo ka nui o nā hana i helu ʻia i kēia manawa a e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano kumu o nā ʻōnaehana o kēia mau lā, me kekahi mau inoa i lilo i mea nui i kā mākou jargon. 'O Geeks.

Ma muli o kēia pepa, ua hanaʻo Arthur J. Lembo, Jr. i kekahi hoʻokolohua me nā haumāna papa Hoʻohālike Spatial Modeling a Analyisis ma ke Kulanui ʻo Cornell. ʻO ka hopena he palapala i kapa ʻia:

Pehea wau e hana ai i Manifold i kaʻu hana ma ArcGIS

Me nā ʻaoʻao 130, ʻo ka ʻike o nā kaʻina hana i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu e hana i ka hapa nui o nā hana ma nā paepae ʻelua, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi hou, e hoʻonui ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi "mai loko mai o ka pahu“. ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana mai nā mana 8.3 o ArcGIS a me 6.0 o Manifold, kūpono ka loiloi. ʻO ka unuhi ʻana o ke kumuhana ʻaʻole ia ka mea a kaʻu pou i manaʻo ai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he palapala kūʻokoʻa e kuhikuhi ana i ke aʻo ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana o nā paepae ʻelua, pehea e hana like ai me nā ʻōnaehana ʻelua.

He kūlana maikaʻi no nā mea hoʻohana a me nā mea hoʻolālā a me nā mea hoʻolālā i loko o kēia ao'ōpiopio a me ka pume.
Hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu i ke kikowaena o ka palapala ʻaneʻi, a laila e kiʻi i ka pdf ʻaneʻi a me ka mahalo i ka'ōlelo hawanawana, e haʻi mai iaʻu ma laila.