Ka papa inoa o nā lako polokalamu i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻike mamao

Nui nā mea hana e hoʻoponopono ai i ka ʻikepili i loaʻa ma o nā mea ʻike mamao. Mai nā kiʻi ukali a hiki i ka ʻikepili LIDAR, akā naʻe, e hōʻike ana kēia ʻatikala i kekahi o nā polokalamu koʻikoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i kēia ʻano ʻikepili. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana me ka lako polokalamu, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia aia nā ʻano ʻikepili like ʻole e like me ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana, inā paha ma o nā satellite hana a i ʻole UAV.

lako polokalamu no ka hana ʻikepili passive/active sensor

QGIS: ʻO Quantum GIS kahi kahua GIS open source, i loko o nā makahiki ua hoʻohui ʻo ia i nā ʻano hana like ʻole a hoʻokō i hiki i ka mea loiloi ke hiki ke hana a loaʻa nā ʻano huahana like ʻole. ʻO ka mea hoihoi e pili ana i kēia kahua ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka mea hoʻohana, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kikowaena GIS maʻamau, nui nā plugins i kūpono i nā hana a ka mea loiloi.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea hana hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ka Pahu mea hana Orpheus, aia nā geoalgorithms pono loa i ka unuhi ʻana i ka ʻikepili mai kahi kiʻi ukali, inā he multispectral a i ʻole radar. ʻO kekahi o nā hana hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa: Radiometric calibration, kākoʻo no nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe kikohoʻe, band algebra, kānana, radiometric indices, segmentation, classification, change detection.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka Pākuʻi Semiautomatic Classification, kahi e hāʻawi ʻia ai nā ʻano mea hana ʻē aʻe i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka hoʻoponopono mua ʻana o ke kiʻi, e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka helu kikohoʻe a i ka reflectance. Ua hoʻouka mua ʻia ka ʻikepili o kahi hapa nui o nā mea ʻike hana i kēia manawa. No ka ʻikepili lidar, ma Qgis 3 hiki ke nānā iā ia ma o ka mea hana LAStools. 

ArcGIS: ʻO kekahi o nā lako polokalamu piha loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻikepili geospatial. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ākea o nā hana i loko a ma waho o ka paepae e hoʻokō i kahi hoʻohui ʻikepili maoli. I kāna hoʻokuʻu hou ʻana iā ArcGIS pro, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hana hou aku no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻikepili satellite -imagery-. Loaʻa iā ia nā plugins ʻē aʻe e like me "Drone2map" i hoʻohana ʻia e Pix4D e hana i nā huahana 2D, 3D mai ka ʻikepili drone a me ESRI SiteScan, i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka drone ma luna o ke ao, kahi ʻāpana o ka kaiaola ArcGIS, me nā kiʻi e hana ʻia. multispectral, thermal and RGB. 

ʻO nā hoʻonā a Esri no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻike geospatial i nā manawa a pau a pololei, ʻo ia ke kumu i manaʻo ʻia ai he alakaʻi i ka ʻoihana geotechnologies.

Sopi: ʻO ka SoPI (Polokalamu Hoʻoponopono Kiʻi) He polokalamu ia i hoʻomohala ʻia e CONAE (National Commission for Space Activities of Argentina). Me kēia e hiki ai ke nānā, kaʻina a me ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻikepili satellite; he manuahi loa a he maʻalahi kona interface e hoʻouka/manipulate. ʻO 2D/3D kona kaiapuni a ua kūkulu ʻia ma lalo o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kahi Pūnaehana ʻIke Geographic. 

ERDAS: He polokalamu kūikawā i ka hoʻoili ʻikepili geospatial, hoʻohana ʻia e Hexagon Geospatial. hoʻohui i nā mea hana GIS, photogrammetry, kākoʻo a me ka nānā ʻana i nā kiʻi optical -multispectral a hyperspectral-, radar a me LIDAR. Me kēia hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i nā hiʻohiʻona 2D, 3D a me ka palapala ʻāina (no nā hiʻohiʻona cartographic maʻalahi). Hoʻohui ia i nā mea hana e like me: ana, hoʻokele ʻikepili vector, hoʻohana i ka ʻikepili Google Earth, ʻike ʻike metadata.

Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Erdas ma ke ʻano he paepae kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai i ka mea loiloi ke ʻoi aku ka huahua ma o kā lākou mau hana. Pono ka ʻike liʻiliʻi o ka mālama ʻana i kēia polokalamu i ka ʻike mamao, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke aʻo. Hana ʻia ka suite i ʻelua ʻano laikini: Imagine Essentials, ma kahi pae kumu, a me IMAGINE Advantage no nā mea hoʻohana kūikawā.

Ua hoʻouna au: ʻO Envi kekahi polokalamu kūikawā no ka hoʻoili ʻikepili mamao. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ka IDL (Interactive Data Language), e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻoili kiʻi piha ʻana, ka hana maʻamau a me nā hana no kahi ʻike mea hoʻohana maikaʻi.

Hāʻawi ka suite i nā kahe hana i hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me nā paepae ʻē aʻe e like me ESRI's ArcGIS. Kākoʻo kēia polokalamu i nā ʻano kiʻi āpau, mai nā mea ʻike lewa a me nā satelite (multispectral, hyperspectral, LIDAR, thermal, radar a me nā kiʻi ʻē aʻe). Aia ka ENVI suite: ENVI, ENVI no ArcGIS, ENVI EX, a me SARScape.

PCI Geomatics: ʻO PCI Geomatics, ua hoʻomohala ʻia no ka nānā ʻana, hoʻoponopono, hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kiʻi mai nā mea ʻike maka, kiʻi lewa, radar a i ʻole drones. Mahalo i kāna ʻenehana GDB (Generic Database), kūpono ia me ka liʻiliʻi o 200 mau ʻano o nā ʻano, no laila, hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka nui o nā ʻikepili i mālama ʻia i loko o nā waihona e like me Oracle.

Loaʻa iā ia nā modula kūikawā no ka hana ʻana i ka ʻike. No ka laʻana, me Orthoengine, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā orthocorrections automated, mosaics, a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kumu hoʻohālike kiʻekiʻe kikohoʻe.

Snap: Ka SNAP (Papahana noi Sentinel) He polokalamu ESA ia, i manaʻo ʻia no ka nānā ʻana, ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā huahana Sentinel platform, ʻoiai ke ʻae nei i ka ʻike ʻana o nā kiʻi mai nā satelite ʻē aʻe. 

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻōnaehana i nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​pahu hana ma muli o ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka satellite. Hoʻokomo kaʻawale ʻia kēlā me kēia pahu mea hana (Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3, SMOS a me PROBA-V) a kākoʻo pū i ka hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i ka ʻōnaehana e hana pū me Python (SNAPISTA). Ua piha loa ia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka ʻikepili vector e like me shapefiles a me ka ʻike mai nā lawelawe WMS. Hoʻopili pololei ia i ka ʻO Copernicus Open Access Hub e kiʻi pololei i nā huahana Sentinel.

gvSIG:  He polokalamu manuahi manuahi kēia i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i nā makahiki i ka pilina ma waena o ka mea hoʻohana a me ka ʻōnaehana. Hāʻawi ia i nā hana no ka hoʻokele band, wehewehe o ROI's, kānana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, fusion, mosaics, multispectral transformations, calibration to reflectance values, index generation, decision trees a mosaics ma o kahi hoʻonui i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka papahana. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā ia ke kākoʻo no ka ʻikepili lidar ma ke ʻano. LAS, me DielmoOpenLidar (he polokalamu manuahi me ka laikini GNU GPL e pili ana i ka gvSIG), no ka hana ʻana i nā profiles, ka mana maikaʻi a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā ao kiko.

SAGA: Pūnaehana no ka Automated Geoscientific Analyzes he polokalamu open source, ʻoiai ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he GIS, loaʻa iā ia nā algorithms no ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā kiʻi ukali mai ka wā i hele mai me ka waihona GDAL. Me ia, hiki ke hana ʻia nā huahana e like me nā mea kanu mea kanu, fusion, ʻike ʻikepili, a me ka loiloi o ka uhi ʻana o ke ao.

Google Earth Engine: Me Google Earth Engine, hiki i ka mea kālailai ke nānā i ka ʻikepili geospatial, nā mea a pau i loko o kahi hoʻolālā i kūkulu ʻia i ke ao. Mālama ʻo ia i nā kiʻi ukali he nui a me kēia mau mea hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he nui i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻili no ka mea aia nā kiʻi mōʻaukala. 

ʻO kekahi o nā mea hoihoi loa, ʻo ia ka ʻae ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻikepili nui ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kāna mau API ma JavaScript a me Python. Hoʻohui ia i ka helu nui o nā ʻikepili o kēlā me kēia ʻano, mai ka climatic, geophysical a hiki i ka demographic. Hāʻawi ia i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻikepili mea hoʻohana ma nā ʻano raster a me vector.

Nā lako polokalamu no ka hoʻoili ʻikepili LIDAR a me Drone

Pix4Dmapper: He polokalamu ia e pili ana i ka photogrammetric area, e kuhikuhi ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hāʻina no nā papahana kiʻekiʻe. Ma o kāna mau mea hana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele i nā ao kiko, nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe, 3D meshes mai ka ʻikepili mamao mamao, a hana i nā orthomosaics. 

Loaʻa iā ia nā hana kūleʻa i ka manawa o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka ʻikepili ma mua a ma hope. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka mahiʻai pololei, e hana ana i nā palapala zoning e ʻike i nā wahi huahana. ʻAe ʻia nā ʻano huahana ma lalo nei inā lōʻihi lākou i loko o ke ʻano .JPG a i ʻole .TIF: nā kiʻi RGB, nā kiʻi drone, multispectral, thermal, 360º kiʻi kamera, wikiō a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi pahupaʻi hoʻonohonoho.

Laulā Mapper: He mea paahana ia e hiki ai ke hoohui i na mea paahana maikai no ka lawelawe ana i ka ikepili spatial, no ka mea, kākoʻo ia i nā ʻano palapala like ʻole, a hāʻawi i ke ala pololei i nā papa helu like ʻole o nā kiʻi hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe e like me DigitalGlobe. Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻikepili LIDAR-type, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui pololei iā ia i ka format LAS a me LASzip, ma kāna ʻano hou loa ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi ʻike mea hoʻohana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. 

DroneDeploy: E like me Propeller, Drone Deploy he polokalamu ia no ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi, loaʻa nā mea a pau mai ka pae mua o ke kaʻina hopu a hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumu hoʻohālike 3D. Me kēia e hiki ai: e hoʻomalu i ka lele ʻana o ka UAV (ʻokoʻa nā drones DJI), loaʻa iā ia nā mea ana e like me ka ʻāpana a me ka leo. Hiki ke loaʻa no ka manuahi me nā palena a i ʻole kahi mana piha e koi ai i ka uku laikini. He mea maikaʻi loa ia inā makemake ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka helu ʻana o nā ʻano mea kanu, nā wahi hua i ka mokuʻāina mua a i ʻole ka hope, i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā palapala ʻāina multispectral a infrared i loko o DroneDeploy.

DroneMapper He polokalamu ia e hāʻawi ana i nā pono o kahi GIS, ma kahi paepae e hoʻoponopono i nā kiʻi photogrammetric. Loaʻa iā ia nā mana ʻelua e like me nā pono o ka mea loiloi, hoʻokahi manuahi a ʻo kekahi i uku ʻia ma mua o €160 i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ia kekahi o ka polokalamu i hoʻokumu ʻole ʻia ma ke ao no ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka ʻikepili, akā ua hana ʻia nā kaʻina hana āpau ma ka ʻāina. 'O ia ho'i, pono ka lolouila e ho'okō i kekahi mau 'ano ho'omana'o no ka mālama pono 'ana i nā ka'ina hana. Ma o DroneMapper hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā Models Elevation Digital a me Orthomosaics ma Geotiff Format. 

Agisoft Metashape: Me Agisoft Metashape, i ʻike mua ʻia ʻo Agisoft Photoscan, hiki i ka mea hoʻohana ke hana i nā kiʻi, nā ao kiko, hana i nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole nā ​​hiʻohiʻona ʻāina kikohoʻe me ka pololei loa e hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi GIS. He mea maʻalahi kona hoʻohana ʻana a loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻolālā ʻikepili i ke ao no nā mea hoʻohana Metashape ʻoihana. He polokalamu ia e pono ai ka laikini, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ma luna o $170 a ʻoi aku ka Porofessional ma luna o $3000. Hānai ʻo ia i ke kaiāulu ʻo Agisoft e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā algorithms e hoʻoponopono ʻia ai ka ʻikepili.