Ka National System o Property Management SINAP

ʻO ka National Property Administration System (SINAP) kahi papahana ʻenehana e hoʻohui i nā ʻike āpau e pili ana i ka waiwai kino a me ka rula o ka lāhui, kahi e hoʻopaʻa ai nā mea hana lehulehu a me nā pilikino a me nā kānaka āpau i nā hana āpau e pili ana i nā waiwai waiwai. waiwai, pono no ke kumukānāwai a me ka dynamization o kahi mākeke kūʻai.

ʻO ke kiʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, ʻike ʻo ia ia ma kahi ʻē, no ka mea he honi nui i hana i kekahi lā aʻu i hana ai i koʻu wā leʻaleʻa e pili ana LADM, i kekahi o nā hōʻikeʻike ma Amsterdam, ma laila ʻo 2012.

Ua hānau ʻia a hana ʻia ʻo SINAP ma Honduras i kahi manawa 2002-2005, i loko o ke kiʻina o kahi Polokalamu Hoʻokele ʻĀina, e like me nā mea e hana like nei i kēlā manawa i nā ʻāina he nui ma lalo o ke kākoʻo kālā o ka World Bank. ʻAʻole ia i hānau ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohihi extraterrestrial, aia ke kumu i loko o nā theical classical e kākoʻo ana i nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻomohala, kahi o nā mea alakaʻi no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mākeke, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ka ho'ēmi i nā kumukūʻai hanan (nū ʻūmaʻa, waiwai waiwai, nā ʻenehana a me ke kapuwai) a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka ho'ēmi i nā uku kālepa. No laila, hāʻawi ʻia i ka paʻakikī o ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai hana i kahi ʻāina kūkulu, ʻo ka nui o ka SINAP e hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai kūʻai a me nā manawa.

ʻAʻole ʻo SINAP kahi lako kamepiula, akā kahi hoʻonohonoho e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana, ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea hana kino i pili i ka hoʻokele o nā ʻāina a me ka maʻalahi o nā kaʻina kumu e pili ana i nā kuʻuna o nā ao ma nā kūlana a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻikepili ʻike a me nā kamaʻilio.
Ke kuhi ʻia ʻo SINAP, lawa ka akāka e hoʻokō wale ana i kahi ʻenehana, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea e pili ana i ke kānāwai a me nā ʻoihana, ua like ia me ke kau ʻana i nā pne i ka lio, ma kahi o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kahi kaʻa hou. No laila, hele pū ka hoʻolālā me kahi loli radical e komo pū me ka hana ʻana i nā kānāwai hou e like me ke Law Law and the Land Management Law; Ma lalo o kēia kumumanaʻo kū kānāwai, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Institute Institute, nāna e hoʻohui pū i ka Regist Registrement (na ka Supreme Court of Justice), ka National Cadastre (ʻo ia ka Executive Directorate e pili ana i ka Pelekikena) a me ka National Geographic Institute ( i hilinaʻi ʻia ma ke Kuhina o nā Hana Hou a me nā Kaʻa.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia papa hou me ka Luna Hoʻokō o nā Registries, he Luna Hoʻokele o Cadastre a me Geography, a me kahi Luna Hoʻokele o ka Regularization, ma lalo o kahi optika i manaʻo ʻia i waho o nā kaina ma o nā ʻAna i Hui ʻia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā munila a i ʻole nā ​​hui o lalo o ka hui kūʻokoʻa a ka lehulehu.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo SINAP ma lalo o ka Model Cadastre Domain Model (CCDM), he palapala i kēlā manawa he mea pōkole ʻo Christiaan Lemmen a me nā geofumadas ʻē aʻe i ʻimi e hoʻokumu pono i ke ala o Cadastre 2014.

Ua lilo ka CCDM ma 2012 ka LADM (ISO-19152), akā ma ia manawa (2002) ua mākaukau ʻia ka manaʻo no ka maʻalahi o nā mea i loko o ka noho ʻāina ʻana i nā pilina maʻalahi o ke kānāwai, Hoʻopilikia a me nā kuleana (RRR ) ma waena o nā mea makemake (Party) a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa inoa (BAUnits), me ka cadastre e like me ka spatial reference o nā mea a me ka pahu kiʻi i mau mea pili i ke kānāwai lehulehu e pili ana i ke kānāwai pilikino.

ʻO kēia ka hoʻolālā kumumanaʻo SINAP i ka makahiki 2004; me nā ʻōnaehana transactional i kēlā manawa, i hoʻokumu ʻia ai: SINIMUN no nā kalaka, INTUR no ka ʻāpana lawena, SINIA no ka ʻona, SNGR no ka hoʻokele waiwai ʻana, CIEF no ka ʻoihana ululāʻau a me INFOAGRO no ka ʻāina mahiai.

ʻO ka logo ma ka ʻākau ka mea aʻu e hoʻolālā hou ai i ka makahiki 2012, e mālama nei i ka ʻike o ka mea e noho nei. I ka pōkole, ʻo SINAP kahi paepae e hoʻohui i nā ʻōnaehana nui ʻehā ma lalo iki:

Ka ʻifiedlelo o ka Pūnaewele Hoʻohui.

Hoʻopili kēia ʻōnaehana, i waena o nā moʻolelo ʻē aʻe, nā waiwai waiwai a me ka papa inoa cadastral e like me ka maoli like. ʻO ka manaʻo o nā ʻāpana cadastral kahi holoi holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻāina, nā pono pilikino ʻelua e pili ana i nā mahiʻai i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma lalo o ke ʻano folio maoli, a me nā waiwai o ka lehulehu e like me nā alanui a me nā kahawai e pili ana i ka folio hoʻomalu. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana e like me ka hopena o ka intersect i kaumaha ʻia e ka cartography e pili ana i nā kānāwai lehulehu, a me nā wahi kaiāulu, nā wahi pale, nā wahi moʻolelo, a pēlā aku.

ʻAʻole komo ka SURE i ka waiwai maoli; he agnostic e hoʻohui malie i nā waiwai like ʻole o ka lāhui; pili i kēia manawa waiwai, waiwai, mana noʻonoʻo a me veh veh.

ʻO ka ʻōnaehana ʻikepili moku'āina (SINIT)

Kākau inoa kēia ʻōnaehana a paʻi i nā ʻike kope a pau i hana ʻia e nā ʻoihana like ʻole i ka ʻāina a hana i nā lawelawe i hoʻohui ʻia i waiwai e hoʻolako ʻia i nā mea hoʻohana ma lalo o ka ʻōnaehana wānana like. Hoʻolaha pū ʻia ia i ka ʻike spatial, hoʻokō i ke kuleana o kahi waihona ʻike e hōʻalo ai i ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike i hana ʻia e nā keʻena lehulehu a lawelawe pū ʻia ma ke ʻano he node paʻi puke no ka poʻe i ʻaʻohe pono kūpono e lawelawe i ka ʻike a lākou i hana ai.

Palapala Kūlana Mana Kūlana Mana Kūʻai (RENOT)

He papa inoa kēia e hoʻohui i nā rula āpau i loaʻa nā ʻano o ka hopena a i ʻole ke kūleʻa i ka hoʻohana, ka ʻāina a i ʻole ka hana o nā kipi. Pili ke kumu o kēia papa inoa me ke Kanawai Rula Teritori, e ʻimi nei i nā papa kānāwai a me nā lula no ka lehulehu e hana ʻia e nā ʻoihana ʻokoʻa e hiki ke hoʻokō a hōʻike ʻia e like me nā hopena i nā ʻāpana i ke kūkā a me ka palapala cadastral, a ʻo nā ka mālama ʻana i nā kaʻina hana a i ʻole nā ​​palapala hōʻoia i nā waiwai o ka Kakau Waiwai.

ʻOiai ua loli nā mea kākoʻo o RENOT i nā manawa like ʻole, ua like ko lākou manaʻo e like me ka mea i koi ʻia no ka paʻa ʻana o nā palapala ʻāina pena: "Pono nā kūlana kānāwai e hoʻoikaika i nā loina o ka ʻae, kūikawā, hoʻolaha a me ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana, i hiki ai i nā lula o ʻike ʻia ka hoʻoponopono aupuni ma ka waiwai pilikino.

Ka National Spatial Data Infrastructure (INDES)

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā mea āpau e hoʻokō. I ka 2002 ke kumuhana o Spatial Data Infrastructure kahi ʻano mua loa, ma ka liʻiliʻi i kēia mau ʻāina kahi e hāʻawi ai nā mana ʻoihana a me nā mōhai aʻo o nā kula. I kēlā manawa ua kapa ʻia ka ʻehā o nā ʻōnaehana ʻo Clearinghouse, kahi manawa he kanawalukū makahiki e hoʻomanaʻo iā mākou i nā ʻenekini huli metadata kaulana. No ka makahiki e pono ai wau e hoʻomaopopo hou iā ia, kāhea mākou iā ia ʻo National Spatial Data Infrastructure (INDES).

Ua waiwai paha ka SINAP?

Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo SINAP i nā pōʻaiapili like ʻole, ʻoiai i koʻu manaʻo ponoʻī, ʻeha ia mai nā mea kākau e makemake e haʻi i kāna mau pono ma lalo o kahi ʻano aloha ʻāina. No kahi uahi i hānau ʻia mai ka ʻōpala, ma ka pākaukau kīʻaha a me nā kīʻaha kope, i kahi ʻāina me nā pilikia o ka palaho a me ka patronage politika e like me nā ʻāina he nui me ka pōʻaiapani Hispanic, he papahana hiʻohiʻona ʻo SINAP ma nā ʻano he nui. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana ʻehā, ʻo SURE ka mea i loaʻa nā kūlana hoʻomau ʻoi loa, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻia i hana ʻia i loko o kahi manawa e like me ke ʻano o ka obsessive o nā kūpuna a no ka mea pili lākou i ka hana ʻino ʻana i nā mua lobbying no nā kānāwai hou a me ka hoʻololi o ke keʻena. ka mea maʻalahi ʻole (ʻaʻole hoʻi e koi ʻia) e hoʻokō i kekahi ʻāina; ʻoiai no kēia mea ua lele lākou i nā mea keakea e like me ka hoʻopā ʻole ʻana i ke code sivila (kahi o kēia mau lā e hala ai ka bila), a me nā hanana palena palena ʻole i ka ʻoihana Cadastre-Registry, ʻoiai ua hoʻopili ʻia i nā ʻoihana hōʻoia.

Ma nā ʻōlelo o ka ulu kālā ua nui nā paʻakikī, ʻoiai ka hana hope o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka Polokalamu, ka nele o nā hana kūwaho a me kahi hui kipi ʻole o nā limahana i ʻakaʻaka i nā manawa nui loa o ka Institute Institute; Eia nō naʻe, ʻae ʻo SURE e like me kahi ʻenehana kūpono ʻae i ka mahalo e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻomau i ka hana me he kahua paʻa.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka polokalamu manuahi no kēlā manawa me ka optic optics, no laila he mea pono e hoʻohana i ka nui o ka ʻenehana proprietary, e hāʻawi i kahi hoʻohālike:

• Ka hoʻomoe ʻia ka leo kīʻaha ʻana i ka VBA, mai ka papa inoa inoa lehulehu loa, a hiki i ka hoʻoilina moʻolelo ʻana o ke DGN V8, me ka mana hoʻomana e nānā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ProjectWise,
• Ma o kahi mea ʻike pūnaewele ma ka maʻiXXX, ua noi nā mea hoʻohana o nā kūloko i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka DGN redline, GeoWeb Publisher a me ka Pūnaewele mea hoʻohana.
• Hiki i ka hanauna o nā palapala kadastral ke hana ʻia mai ka mea kūʻai ʻo Microstation Geographics, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka palapala palapala, ka data cadastral a me ka papa kuhikuhi ma o ke koho ʻana i ke kī a ka cadastral; ʻOiai ma ka pūnaewele hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana o GeoWeb Publisher, i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ka hapa nui, e hana ana i nā faila PDF i loaʻa nā alphanumeric a me nā ʻikepili kiʻi.
• Ua hoʻolilo ʻia ka scan a me ka huki ʻana i nā puke hoʻopaʻa inoa me nā noi automated i hoʻololi ai i kēia hana paʻakikī i kahi kaʻina hana maquila, kahi i hana ʻia ma hope o nā ʻoihana pilikino.
• Hoʻokumu ʻia ka pūnaewele transactional i ka palapala kadastral a me ka folio maoli.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻia paha o ia mau ʻenehana, nā mea hoʻohana a pau a me kēlā pae o ka hana automation i loaʻa iā ia ka makana BeAwards i ka makahiki 2004 (i kēia lā BeInspired), i ka mahele hoʻokele kaiapuni a me ka 2005 i ka mahele Aupuni. Akā ʻo ka hoʻāʻo waikawa ka manawa ma 2006 pono ʻo ia e kū i kahi hoʻololi politika me kahi pāʻina ʻē aʻe a me kēlā mau hana kuʻuna o ka politika patronage a me ka makemake e holoi i nā mea āpau a hoʻomaka mai ka wanaʻao.

I kekahi kakahiaka hele akula lākou me kahi kaila kūwaho (kahi hou i kēlā manawa), e ʻōlelo e mālama lākou i ka Unified Record System ma kēlā pā disk.

I kekahi kakahiaka aʻe, ua noi kekahi i ka hoʻokele o ka mea hoʻohana luna hōkeoʻikepili. Ma hope o ʻelua mau lā poina iā ia ka ʻōlelo huna, a he mea pono i kēlā me kēia lā ʻekolu e hoʻomaka i ka waihona pūnaewele ma hope o nā kākoʻo automate i ke aumoe, ʻoiai i kēlā manawa ʻaʻohe virtualization kikowaena a mālama ʻia kahi kope i ka wā e hana ʻia ana ka papaʻa. papaʻa ma waena o 12 i ka pō a me 6 i ke kakahiaka.

Ua hoʻomaka nā mea kākau inoa i hoʻohana mua i ka ʻōnaehana, a laila ʻike ke keiki ua ʻo ke ʻōnaehana ʻoi aku ka mea ʻoi aku o nā kaha kiʻi e hoʻowalewale i ka PowerPoint Present.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, mai nā kuhi hewa i hana ʻia, ʻoi aku nā haʻawina kūpono i hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe i komo ke haʻi i ka pae o ka manaʻo, hoʻolālā, hoʻomohala, palapala, hoʻokō a me ka institusionalization. Ke hoʻololi hou kahi ʻōnaehana, a he poʻe ka poʻe, komo nā manawa kūpono ma hope o kēia ʻike i ko lākou ola, ma mua o ka ʻike i loaʻa.

ʻO ka mea hiki ʻole ke hōʻole ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana o Honduras, me SINAP, ʻo ia i ka wā lōʻihi, ʻaʻole i loli ka ʻike mua. Ua ola ka ʻōnaehana i ʻekolu manawa o ke aupuni, me ka hoʻokahuli aupuni (2009); i kēia manawa aia nā mea āpau o ka hāʻule ʻole, akā he mea nui ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kumu o ka noʻonoʻo maʻamau "inā ʻoe e hoʻolako nei i kahi ʻōnaehana nui, e holo wikiwiki a paʻa“; i ko lākou makemake e hoʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā puke, ua pale nā ​​mea hoʻohana like. I kēia manawa, 16 o nā apana hoʻopaʻa inoa 24, i hana mua ʻia ma ka ʻōnaehana, ua hoʻololi ʻia. I ka makahiki 2013, ua hana ʻia kahi hoʻolālā evolution e neʻe i kahi kahua hou i kēlā mau hana a pau i hoʻopau ʻia, e hoʻohui i nā polokalamu open source e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻomau, a hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano ʻoihana e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻohui ʻana o kahi mea hoʻohana pilikino, me ka ʻae ʻana o ka LADM maʻamau a ʻEnehana blockChain no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻikepili. ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻohui nui ʻia he pūʻulu i ka puʻuwai kikowaena, i hoʻokō ʻia mai nā mea hoʻouluulu, no laila inā i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia kahi geometry hou me ka loulou normative (e like me kahi wahi pale hou), hoʻopili wale ʻia nā cadastre Parcels a ʻike ʻia he ʻano pale i nā māla Registri; Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻenehana kūmole e like me OpenLayers, GeoServer a me GeoNetwork e pani ai iā GeoWeb Publisher a me BentleyMap e pani i nā Microstation Geographics; no nā kaona, hoʻomohala ʻia nā lawelawe pūnaewele e hana ma o WFS ma kahi plugin QGIS.

Ma ka papa ʻōlelo ma lalo nei ua hana wau i ke ala manawa SINAP, ka mea e ʻimi ai i ka lanakila i ʻelua hoʻolaha ʻana o Cadastre 2014 ʻaʻole i lanakila ʻia: ʻo ka ʻāpana pilikino a me ka lehulehu e hana pū, kahi e alakaʻi nei i kahi noi kolohe ʻole no ka hui lehulehu-pilikino a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻike ʻoihana e hiki ai ke loaʻa hou nā kumukūʻai.

Ma lalo o ka hihiʻo hou, ʻaʻole pono hou nā ʻōnaehana SINIT a me RENOT ma ke ʻano he mau ʻōnaehana hou aʻe, e like me ka ʻōlelo a nā palena ʻenehana a me nā hoʻopiʻi mana o 2004. ʻO SINIT wale nō kahi papa inoa hou o SURE (The Cartographic Registry) a me RENOT ka Normative Registry; ke hoʻomau ʻia nei ka ʻōnaehana hou; Hōʻike ka kiʻi ma lalo i kekahi o kāu hana ʻenehana.

Inā hoʻomau nā mea i ka wikiwiki o kēia manawa, hiki i SINAP ke hoʻokō i kāna manaʻo i hoʻomaka ʻia ma lalo o ka manaʻo o Associated Centers; ʻo ke Kakau inoa a me Cadastre wale nō nā mea hoʻoponopono i loko o a ʻōnaehana kikowaena i hana ʻia ma lalo o kahi papa hana o mua-ʻoihana.

No laila ua kuleana nā aliʻi no ka hoʻopili o ka kadastral a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lawelawe e pili ana i ka hana ʻana; I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokau ʻia kekahi mau kūlanakauhale i lalo o kahi kumumanaʻo, ke hana paʻa nei nā ʻoihana kūloko e kekahi mau panana, e like me nā keʻena peripheral, a me ka Mercantile Registry e hana ʻia ana e ka Chamber of Commerce a me ka poʻe koho e hana hou aku ma mua o kēlā.

ʻO ka mea nāwaliwali nui loa o SINAP no kahi manawa lōʻihi, ka nele o nā mea haku mele e ʻōlelo ana i kona hiki mai nā pae manaʻo, ʻenehana a me nā ʻenehana. Minamina, ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻo ia paha ka hae i hana mua ʻia o LADM, ma mua o kahi kūlana (CCDM); pono e lawe nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e like me Colombia, kahi i kū ʻole ai kēia ʻano hanohano a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā kulekele lehulehu, e like me ka hōʻike i ka ʻĀʻālua 3859.

ʻO nā haʻawina i aʻo ʻia mai SINAP ma ka liʻiliʻi he 8, a waiwai nui… ʻoiai he ʻāpana o kēlā uahi he mea waiwai. Aia he manawa e kamaʻilio ai e pili ana, hauʻoli hopena o ka makahiki 2016.